Distillers Grains: Production, Properties, and Utilization
Summary
In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in grain-based fuel ethanol production in North America and around the world. Whether such production will result in a net energy gain or whether this is sustainable in the long term is under debate, but undoubtedly millions of tons of non-fermented residues are now produced annually for global trade in the form of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Consequently, in a short period of time a tremendous amount of research has been conducted to determine the suitability of ethanol coproducts for various end uses.
Distillers Grains: Production, Properties and Utilization is the first book of its kind to provide in-depth, and up-to-date coverage of
- Historical and current status of the fuel ethanol industry in the U.S.
Processing methods, scientific principles, and innovations for making fuel ethanol using grains as feedstock - Physical and chemical properties of DDGS, assay methodologies for compositional analyses, and mycotoxin occurrence in DDGS
- Changes during processing (from grains to DDGS) and analysis of factors causing variations in compositional, nutritional, and physical values
- Various traditional, new, and emerging uses for DDGS (including feed for cattle, swine, poultry, fish, and other animals, feedstocks for cellulosic ethanol, biodiesel, and other bioenergy production, and substrates for food and industrial uses)
Appealing to all who have an interest in fuel ethanol production, distillers grains, and their uses, this comprehensive reference sharpens the readers’ understanding of distillers grains and will promote better utilization of ethanol coproducts. Animal and food scientists, feed and food technologists, ethanol plant managers and technicians, nutritionists, academic and governmental professionals, and college students will find the book most useful.
Table of Contents
Introduction, History, Raw Materials, and Production
Toward a Scientific Understanding of DDGS
Kurt A. Rosentrater and KeShun Liu
Overview of Fuel Ethanol Production and Distillers Grains
Kurt A. Rosentrater
Historical Perspective on Distillers Grains
Charlie Staff
Grain Structure and Composition
KeShun Liu
Manufacturing of Fuel Ethanol and Distillers Grains—Current and Evolving Processes
Kurt A. Rosentrater, Klein Ileleji, and David B. Johnston
Ethanol Production from Starch-Rich Crops Other than Corn and the Composition and Value of the Resulting DDGS
Robert A. Moreau, Nhuan P. Nghiem, Kurt A. Rosentrater, David B. Johnston, and Kevin B. Hicks
Properties, Composition, and Analytics
Physical Properties of DDGS
Kurt A. Rosentrater
Chemical Composition of DDGS
KeShun Liu
Lipids in DDGS
Jill K. Winkler-Moser
Analytical Methodology for Quality Standards and Other Attributes of DDGS
Nancy Thiex
Mycotoxin Occurrence in DDGS
John Caupert, Yanhong Zhang, Paula Imerman, John J. Richard, and Gerald C. Shurson
Traditional Uses
Feeding Ethanol Coproducts to Beef Cattle
Alfredo Dicostanzo and Cody L. Wright
Feeding Ethanol Coproducts to Dairy Cattle
Kenneth F. Kalscheur, Arnold R. Hippen, and Alvaro D. Garcia
Feeding Ethanol Coproducts to Swine
Hans H. Stein
Feeding Ethanol Coproducts to Poultry
Amy B. Batal and Kristjan Bregendahl
Further Uses
Feeding DDGS to Finfish
Michael L. Brown, Travis W. Schaeffer, Kurt A. Rosentrater, Michael E. Barnes, and K. Muthukumarappan
Feeding DDGS to Other Animals
Kurt A. Rosentrater
Using DDGS as a Food Ingredient
Kurt A. Rosentrater
Emerging Uses
Using DDGS in Industrial Materials
Nicholas R. DiOrio, Robert A. Tatara, Kurt A. Rosentrater, and Andrew W. Otieno
Using DDGS as a Feedstock for Bioenergy via Thermochemical Conversion
Kurt A. Rosentrater
Using DDGS as a Feedstock for Bioenergy via Anaerobic Digestion
Conly L. Hansen
Dry Grind Coproducts as Cellulosic Ethanol Feedstock
Nathan S. Mosier
Extraction and Use of DDGS Lipids for Biodiesel Production
Michael J. Haas
Process Improvements
Improved and New Enzymes for Fuel Ethanol Production and Their Effects on DDGS
Milan Hruby
Fractionation of DDGS Using Sieving and Air Classification
Radhakrishnan Srinivasan
Concluding Thoughts—Toward Increasing the Value and Utility of DDGS
Kurt A. Rosentrater and KeShun Liu
Index
