Introduction to Nutrition and Metabolism, Fourth Edition
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Summary
Extensively revised and updated to reflect our current understanding of nutritional and dietary requirements, Introduction to Nutrition and Metabolism, Fourth Edition includes new information examining the role of nutrition in common chronic diseases. Also new to this edition are revised end-of-chapter exercises, key point summaries, and a CD-ROM with PowerPoint presentations for each chapter, self-assessment tests, clinical problems, a virtual laboratory, and a program for nutrient analysis and meal evaluation.
Retaining the wealth of detailed information delivered in the accessible manner of its predecessors, this fourth edition continues to provide a clear introduction to the principles of nutrition and metabolism, the interactions between diet and health, and the scientific basis for dietary goals and recommendations. The author uses concise, authoritative language to emphasize and describe the underlying biochemistry that is essential to an understanding of nutrient function and the ability to evaluate and interpret future advances in nutrition science. With clear and simple diagrams, the text explores the physiological need for food and describes the metabolic pathways, their integration and control, and the biochemical basis of their nutritional and physiological importance. It covers digestion and absorption and the metabolic roles of ATP, enzymes, and coenzymes. Describing the functional utilization of protein, fats, and carbohydrates, the book discusses macronutrients in terms of energy yield, energy balance, and reserves. It also covers the endocrinology of metabolic control and the biochemistry of vitamins and minerals.
Examining nutritional biochemistry and the role of diet in heath and disease, Introduction to Nutrition and Metabolism, Fourth Edition provides the scientific basis from which to make prudent and healthy dietary recommendations.
Table of Contents
Why Eat?
Objectives
The Need for Energy
Metabolic Fuels
Hunger and Appetite
Key points
Enzymes and Metabolic Pathways
Objectives
Chemical reactions: Breaking and Making Covalent Bonds
Enzymes
Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity
Coenzymes and Prosthetic Groups
The Classification and Naming of Enzymes
Metabolic Pathways
Enzymes in Clinical Chemistry and Medicine
Key points
The Role of ATP in Metabolism
Objectives
The Adenine Nucleotides
Functions of ATP
Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP
Key points
Digestion and Absorption
Objectives
The Gastrointestinal Tract
Digestion and Absorption of Carbohydrates
Digestion and Absorption of Fats
Digestion and Absorption of Proteins
The Absorption of Vitamins and Minerals
Key points
Energy Nutrition-the Metabolism of Carbohydrates and Fats
Objectives
Estimation of Energy Expenditure
Energy Balance and Changes in Body Weight
Metabolic Fuels in the Fed and Fasting States
Energy-Yielding Metabolism
The Metabolism of Fats
Tissue Reserves of Metabolic Fuels
Gluconeogenesis-the Synthesis of Glucose from Noncarbohydrate Precursors
Key points
Diet and Health-Nutrition and Chronic Diseases
Objectives
Chronic Diseases (the "Diseases of Affluence")
Types of Evidence Linking Diet and Chronic Diseases
Guidelines for a Prudent Diet
Nutritional Genomics: Interactions between Diet and Genes
Free Radicals, Oxidative Damage, and Antioxidant Nutrients
Other Protective Compounds in Foods
Key points
Overweight and Obesity
Objectives
Desirable Body Weight
The Problems of Overweight and Obesity
The Causes and Treatment of Obesity
Key points
Protein-Energy Malnutrition-Problems of Undernutrition
Objectives
Problems of Deficiency
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Marasmus
Cachexia
Kwashiorkor
Key points
Protein Nutrition and Metabolism
Objectives
Nitrogen Balance and Protein Requirements
Protein Synthesis
The Metabolism of Amino Acids
Key points
The Integration and Control of Metabolism
Objectives
Patterns of Metabolic Regulation
Intracellular Regulation of Enzyme Activity
Responses to Fast-acting Hormones by Covalent Modification of Enzyme Proteins
Slow-acting Hormones: Changes in Enzyme Synthesis
Hormonal Control in the Fed and Fasting States
Selection of Fuel for Muscle Activity
Diabetes mellitus-a Failure of Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentration
Key points
Micronutrients-the Vitamins and Minerals
Objectives
The Determination of Requirements and Intakes
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Vitamin B1 (thiamin)
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)
Niacin
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B12
Folic acid
Biotin
Pantothenic acid
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
Minerals
Key points
Appendix
Glossary
Editorial Reviews
"An updated review of nutritional and dietary requirements in health and disease. A useful text not only for nutritionists."
— Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews, Volume 5, No. 3 in 2008
