In this time of concern over wetlands, many groups have compelling reasons to identify and delineate wetlands. Financial institutions use environmental evaluation as a part of their loan decisions. Civil engineers must plan sites without disturbing existing wetlands. Conservation groups wish to identify valuable wetlands for preserves or parks. Local and state governments need wetlands assessments for management and planning of existing and future public lands. And the Federal government has mandated that wetlands receive more attention.
As our understanding of wetlands functions increases, the ability to identify and delineate them becomes even more critical. Practical Handbook for Wetland Identification and Delineation defines wetlands, describes their functions, and presents a variety of methods used to assess the extent of wetlands. Easy-to-use, it offers solutions to real-world problems and covers important subjects such as methods for identifying and delineating wetland boundaries, evaluating wetlands using aerial photography, indicators of hydrological, chemical, and biological processes, soil surveys, and plant measurements. The book also discusses methodological approaches to optimizing wetland delineation and permitting.
The focus on wetlands by the Federal government has resulted in more stringent oversight by the U.S. Army Core of Engineers (USACE). This new level of federal oversight has underlined the lack of general knowledge related to regulatory requirements. Project delay and work interruptions are real, potential problems for landowners. Practical Handbook for Wetlands Identification and Delineation presents the strategies and methods for making wetlands identifications and delineations that meet federal requirements.
Introduction
Background
What is a Wetland?
The Federal Definition and Criteria for Identification of Wetlands
Hydric Soils
Wetland Hydrology
Wetland Plants
Methods
Selecting a Method of Analysis and Level of Detail
Routine Level Analysis Procedures
Intermediate Level Analysis Procedures
Comprehensive Level Analysis Procedures
Additional Background and Details
Soils
Soil Surveys
Munsell Color Charts
Plant Measurements
Additional Methods and Considerations
Topographic Maps
Aerial Photos and Remote Sensor Data
Emergent Wetlands
Submerged Wetlands
Shrub/Scrub Wetlands
Forested Wetlands
Aerial Photos for Characterizing Soils
Large Area Wetland Evaluation
National Wetland Inventory Products
Surveying and Mapping
Discussion
The Permitting Process
Environmental Attorneys
The Potential for Change
Conclusions
Bibliography and Other Wetland References
Bibliography of General Wetland and Wetland Related Literature
Bibliography of Plant Related Literature
Appendices
Sources of Data Including Aerial Photos, Maps, and Other Data Sources
Sample Intermediate Level Wetland Report and Data Records
Index