Durability of Concrete and Cement Composites
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Summary
Concrete and other cement-based composites are by far the most widely used man-made construction materials in the world. However major problems of infrastructure deterioration have been caused by unanticipated premature degradation of these materials. Durability of Concrete and Cement Composites provides an up-to-date analysis of several of the main forms of degradation, examining what is known about their causes and control. The book begins with a review of the physical and chemical characteristics of cement-based materials then moves on to discuss specific forms of degradation. It also examines trends in modelling and prediction of service-lives.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION, C.L. Page and M.M. Page
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CEMENT COMPOSITIONS, S. Diamond
Introduction
Variations Among Concretes and 'Archetypical Concrete'
The Genesis and Chemistry of Pore Solutions in Archetypical Concrete
The Question of Gel Pores
Assessments of Pore Size Distributions
Spatial Distribution of Pores in Concretes: The ITZ
Spatial Distribution of Pores in Concretes: Local Porous Patches
Measurement of Permeation Capacity-Related Parameters in Archetypical Concretes
Future Trends
Sources of Further Information and Advice
Acknowledgements
DIMENSIONAL STABILITY AND CRACKING PROCESSES IN CONCRETE, J.J. Brooks
Introduction
Dimensional Stability
Cracking Processes
Conclusions
References
CHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF CONCRETE, J. Bensted, A.R. Brough, and M.M Page
Introduction
External Sulphate Attack Involving Expansive Ettrigite Formation
Thaumasite Form of Sulfate Attack
Internal Sulfate Attack and Delayed Ettringite Formation
Conclusions on Sulfate Attack
Degradation Effects of Water, Acids, and Other Aggressive Chemicals
Conclusions
References
CORROSION AND PROTECTION OF REINFORCED STEEL IN CONCRETE, C.L. Page
Introduction
Corrosion Principles
The Role of Concrete Cover
Carbonation and Its Effects
Effects of Chloride Contamination
Chloride Penetration
Supplementary Corrosion Avoidance and Protection Measures
Assessment and Monitoring of Corrosion in Reinforced Concrete
Remedial Treatment of Corrosion in Reinforced Concrete
Sources of Further Information and Advice
References
DEGRADATION OF PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE, U. Nurnberger, G. Sawade, and B. Isecke
Introduction
Forms of Pre-Stressed Concrete Constructions
Types and Metallurgical Characteristics of Pre-Stressing Steel
Mechanisms of Corrosion Assisted Brittle Fracture
Case Histories of Structural Collapses
Corrosion of Pre-Stressing Steel
Monitoring Techniques for Pre-Stressed Concrete Constructions
Conclusions
References
CONCRETE AGGREGATES AND THE DURABILITY OF CONCRETE, M.D.A. Thomas and K.L. Folliard
Introduction
General Requirements of Aggregates for Use in Concrete
Frost Resistance of Aggregates
Harmful Constituents and Impurities in Aggregates
Alkali-Aggregate Reaction (ASR)
Management of ASR-Affected Structures
Conclusions
References
DEGRADATION OF CONCRETE IN COLD WEATHER CONDITIONS, M. Richardson
Introduction
Freezing Processes in Porous Material
Freeze-Thaw in Concrete - Factors of Influence
Deicing Agents
Air Entrainment
Test Methods
Specification and Production of Durable Concrete in Freeze-Thaw Environments
Future Trends
Sources of Future Information and Advice
References
DEGRADATION OF FIBRE-REINFORCED CEMENT COMPOSITES, P. Purnell
Introduction
Time-Dependent Behavior
Future Trends
Conclusions
Sources of Further Information and Advice
Acknowledgements
References
DEGRADATION OF POLYMER-CEMENT COMPOSITES, N.R. Short
Introduction
Polymer-Modified Cement, Mortar, and Concrete
Reactive Polymer Matrix Composites
Polymer Impregnated Concrete
Characteristics of Paints and Polymeric Surface Treatments for Concrete
Interfacial Characteristics
Future Trends
Sources of Further Information and Advice
References
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