Biogeography in a Changing World
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Summary
Hampered by a confusing plethora of approaches and methods, biogeography is often treated as an adjunct to other areas of study. The first book to fully define this rapidly emerging subdiscipline, Biogeography in a Changing World elucidates the principles of biogeography and paves the way for its evolution into a stand-alone field.
Drawing on contributions from leading proponents of differing methods within biogeography, the book clearly defines the differing, sometimes conflicting, perspectives in the field and their correspondingly different methodological approaches. This gives readers the opportunity to refocus on a range of issues including the role of biological processes such as vicariance, dispersal and extinction in biogeographical explanation, the possibility of biogeographical pattern, and the role of geological reconstructions in biogeographic explanation. The book also explores the discipline’s current relationship with other disciplines and discusses potential developments.
Table of Contents
Ernst Haeckel and Louis Agassiz: Trees That Bite and Their Geographical Dimension, D.M. Williams
Introduction
People That Bite: Plagiarism and the Threefold Parallelism
The Threefold Parallelism: Its Beginning (Tiedemann, 1808)?
Ernst Haeckel and Darwinism
Trees That Bite: Haeckel’s Genealogical Oaks and Stick ‘Trees’
Heinrich Georg Bronn: Trunks and Twigs
Schleicher, Linguistics and Trees
Haeckel and Palaeontological Truth
Haeckel’s ‘Hypotheische Skizze des monophyletischen Ursprungs und der Verbreitung der 12 Menschen-Species von Lemurien aus über die Erde’ and the Concept of Chorology
The Development of Chorology
Origins
Realms, Regions and Provinces
Agassiz’ (1854) Geographical Realms: The Natural Provinces of Mankind
Regions, Homology and Relationships
Sclater, Huxley and the Classification of Regions
Croizat’s Radical Realms: Ocean Basin and Cladograms
Summary: The Threefold Parallelism: … and Its End (Nelson, 1978A?)
Acknowledgements
References
Common Cause and Historical Biogeography, L.R. Parenti
Introduction
Cladistic vs. Phylogenetic Biogeography
Methods of Historical Biogeography
Geology and Dispersal
Molecules and Time
Global Biogeographic Patterns vs. Biogeographic Realms or Regions
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
A Brief Look at Pacific Biogeography: The Trans-Oceanic Travels of Microseris (Angiosperms: Asteraceae), J.R. Grehan
Introduction
Molecular Mythology
Geology First?
A Primer in Biogeography
Logic of Dispersal
Dispersal through Migration
Microseris (Panbio)geography
Dispersal through Form-Making
Past, Present, Future
Acknowledgements
References
Biotic Element Analysis and Vicariance Biogeography, B. Hausdorf and C. Hennig
Introduction
The Vicariance Model
Tests of the Vicariance Model
Determination of Biotic Elements
Case Studies
Other Biogeographical Tests of the Vicariance Model
Conclusions
References
Evolution of Specific and Genetic Diversity during Ontogeny of Island Floras: The Importance of Understanding Process for Interpreting Island Biogeographic Patterns, T.F. Stuessy
Introduction
General Aspects of Oceanic Island Ontogeny
A Hypothesis for the Ontogeny of Oceanic Island Floras
Implications of the Hypothesis
Acknowledgements
References
Event-Based Biogeography: Integrating Patterns, Processes and Time, I. Sanmartin
Introduction
Parsimony-Based Tree Fitting
An Empirical Example: Nothofagus Biogeography
Area Biogeography: Southern Hemisphere Biogeographic Patterns
Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis
An Empirical Example: Holarctic Biogeography
Acknowledgements
References
Phylogeography in Historical Biogeography: Investigating the Biogeographic Histories of Populations, Species, and Young Biotas, B.R. Riddle and D.J. Hafner
Introduction
Phylogeography vs. Historical Biogeography
From Single-Taxon to Comparative Phylogeography
Towards an Integration of Phylogeography and Historical Biogeography
Future Directions
Acknowledgements
References
Are Plate Tectonic Explanations for Trans-Pacific Disjunctions Plausible? Empirical Tests of Radical Dispersalist Theories, D. McCarthy
Introduction / The du Toit Denouement
Should Ocean-Crossing Taxa Be Wide-Ranging?
Furtive Fossils
Dispersal Counts, Biotic Similarity and the Distance Effect
Brief Responses
Geological Concerns
Summary
Acknowledgements
References Index
Editorial Reviews
”Overall, this is a well-written book, with extensively researched contributions.”
— Choice,Vol.45, No. 1, September 2007
"These contributors provide broad, balanced, analytical views of biogeography that encompass historical and ecological perspectives, dispersal and vicariance, pattern and process."
– In Systematic Biology, 2007, Vol. 56, No. 5
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