Measurement of Human Locomotion

Published:
December 21, 2000 by CRC Press - 272 Pages
Author(s):
Vladimir Medved, University of Zagreb, Croatia

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$169.95
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ISBN 9780849376757
Cat# 7675
 

Features

  • Describes the methods, technical devices and procedures used when measuring both pathological and/or healthy human locomotion
  • Offers insights into the action and function of the musculo-skeletal system
  • Contributes to the processes of diagnosis and treatment of disorders of locomotion

    • Summary

    The importance of measurements for the proper assessment of human locomotion is increasingly being recognized. The fields of application encompass both healthy and pathological locomotion as encountered in rehabilitation medicine, orthopedics, kinesiology, sports medicine, and the like.
    Measurement of Human Locomotion provides an up-to-date description of the instrument systems used for measurement of: kinematics of human movement; kinetic quantities experienced by the human body in contact with the ground; and, myoelectric changes associated with locomotor activity.

    Physical principles behind the operation of various measurement systems are emphasized, as well as signal processing issues that must be addressed in order to obtain and use quantitative measurement variables in biomechanics. The book explains how measurement data are acquired, processed and presented to the user in the environment of a modern, computer-based laboratory. The ultimate aim is to contribute to the processes of the diagnosis and treatment of locomotion disorders.

    The purpose of Measurement of Human Locomotion is to provide a concise but comprehensive presentation of the systems used for the measurement of human locomotion, with a view to the assessment and diagnosis of the phenomenon.

    Table of Contents

    INTRODUCTION
    About the Book
    The History of Locomotion Measurement
    METHODOLOGICAL BACKGROUND
    Biomechanical Modeling of the Human Body and the Inverse Dynamic Approach
    Neurophysiology of Locomotion
    Reciprocal Inhibition
    The Placing Reaction and Reflex Reversal
    Automatic Generation of Locomotor Patterns
    Hierarchical Organization of Motor Control
    Computational Neuroscience and Locomotion
    The Peripheral Neuromuscular System
    Biomechanical Modeling of Skeletal Muscle
    GENERAL PROPERTIES OF LOCOMOTION MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
    Structure of a Measurement System
    Analog-To-Digital Conversion of Signals
    Sampling
    Conversion of the Sampled Signal
    Realization of the Analog-to-Digital Converter
    The Requirement on Locomotion Measurement Systems
    MEASUREMENT OF LOCOMOTION KINEMATICS
    Exoskeletal Systems
    Stereometric Methods
    Stereophotogrammetric Methods
    Close-Range Analytical Photogrammetry Fundamentals
    The High-Speed Photography Method
    Optoelectronic Methods
    Light Scanning-Based Methods
    Stereometric Methods--Final Considerations, Signal Processing Aspects, and Computer Vision Issues
    Accelerometry
    Kinematic Data Processing
    Sources of Errors in Kinematic Measurements
    Filtering and Numerical Differentiation of Kinematic Data
    MEASUREMENT OF KINETIC VARIABLES
    Ground Reaction Force Measuring Platforms
    The Strain Gage Transducer-Based Platform
    The Strain Gage Sensor
    Platform Construction
    Piezoelectric Transducer-Based Platform
    The Piezoelectric Effect
    Platform Construction
    Mounting the Force Platform
    Applications of the Force Platform
    Walking and Running
    Take-off Ability
    Kinetic Signal Representation
    Vector Diagram
    Stabilometry
    Pressure Distribution Measurement Systems
    Historical Development
    Solutions and Examples of Use
    Platforms
    Shoe Insoles
    Clinical Findings and Standardization of Measurement
    MEASUREMENT OF MYOELECTRIC VARIABLES
    The NeuroMuscular System and Bioelectricity: A Historical Survey
    The Myoelectric Signal Model
    Kinesiological Electromyography
    Surface Electromyography
    Surface Electrodes in Electromyography
    Myoelectric Signal Amplifiers
    EMG Telemetry
    Myoelectric Signal Processing
    Time Domain Processing Methods
    Processing in the Frequency Domain
    Normalization
    EMG Signal as an Estimate of Muscle Force
    Multichannel EMG Signal Processing
    Applications of Surface Electromyography
    Walking and Running
    Backward Somersault in Gymnastics
    COMPREHENSIVE LOCOMOTION DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
    Comprehensive Biomechanical Measurement and Clinical Applications
    Development of Methodology of Marker-Free Kinematic Measurements

    Editorial Reviews

    "Dr. Vladimir Medved's endeavour is to be appreciated. His books will be valued by professors and by students, whether undergraduate or postgraduate, active in sectors where the quantitative observation of human movement is of importance. . . This is a book which would be useful on the shelves of libraries of institutions which teach or undertake projects in biomechanics of human movement in general and locomotion in particular."
    -Aurelio Cappozzo, Istituto Universitario di Scienze Motorie

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