Fundamentals of Natural Gas Processing

Published:
June 21, 2006 by CRC Press - 464 Pages
Author(s):
Arthur J. Kidnay, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, USA; William R. Parrish, ConocoPhillips (Retired), Brigantine, New Jersey, USA

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Hardback
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ISBN 9780849334061
Cat# DK063X
 

Features

  • Provides an overview of the natural gas industry with emphasis on processes
  • Discusses advantages, limitations, and ranges of applicability of major plant processes
  • Describes ways to calculate initial cost estimates of selected processes within a concise overview of plant economics
  • Examines the methods involved in the growing field of natural gas liquefaction
  • Includes a glossary of terminology as well as an extensive appendix on thermophysical properties

    • Summary

    Fundamentals of Natural Gas Processing explores the natural gas industry from the wellhead to the marketplace. It compiles information from the open literature, meeting proceedings, and experts to accurately depict the state of gas processing technology today and highlight technologies that could become important in the future.

    This book covers advantages, limitations, and ranges of applicability of major gas plant processes to provide a sound understanding from system fundamentals to selection, operation, and integration into the overall gas plant. It also describes the major operations involved in bringing the gas to the plant, information not usually discussed in most gas processing books. Comprehensive chapters cover field operations, inlet receiving, compression, dehydration, hydrocarbon recovery, nitrogen rejection, liquids processing, sulfur recovery, and the increasingly popular liquefied natural gas industry, focusing on liquefaction, storage, and transportation. The book also discusses plant economics, offering ways to make initial cost estimates of selected processes and determine capital costs of gas processing facilities.

    The descriptive approach in Fundamentals of Natural Gas Processing makes this comprehensive text and reference well suited for both technical and non-technical personnel in the industry including chemical or mechanical engineers, plant engineers, students, and those who are new to the field.

    Table of Contents

    OVERVIEW OF NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY
    Sources of Natural Gas
    Natural Gas Compositions
    Classification
    Processing and Principal Products
    Product Specifications
    Combustion Characteristics

    OVERVIEW OF GAS PLANT PROCESSING
    Roles of Gas Plants
    Plant Processes
    Important Support Components
    Contractual Agreements and Economics

    FIELD OPERATIONS AND INLET RECEIVING
    Field Operations
    Gas Hydrates
    Inlet Receiving
    Safety and Environmental Considerations

    COMPRESSION
    Fundamentals
    Compressor Types
    Capacity and Power Calculations
    Comparison of Reciprocating and Centrifugal Compressors
    Safety and Environmental Considerations

    GAS TREATING
    Solvent Absorption Processes
    Physical Absorption
    Adsorption
    Cryogenic Fractionation
    Membranes
    Nonregenerable Hydrogen Sulfide Scavengers
    Biological Processes
    Safety and Environmental Considerations

    GAS DEHYDRATION
    Water Content of Hydrocarbons
    Gas Dehydration Processes
    Safety and Environmental Considerations

    HYDROCARBON RECOVERY
    Process Components
    Recovery Processes
    Safety and Environmental Considerations

    NITROGEN REJECTION
    Nitrogen Rejection for Gas Upgrading
    Nitrogen Rejection for Enhanced Oil Recovery
    Safety and Environmental Considerations

    TRACE-COMPONENT RECOVERY OR REMOVAL
    Helium
    Mercury
    (BTEX) Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene

    LIQUIDS PROCESSING
    Condensate Processing
    NGL Processing
    Safety and Environmental Considerations

    SULFUR RECOVERY
    Properties of Sulfur
    Sulfur Recovery Processes
    Sulfur Storage
    Safety and Environmental Considerations

    TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
    Gas
    Liquids

    LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS
    Gas Treating before Liquefaction
    Liquefaction Cycles
    Storage of LNG
    Transportation
    Regasification and Cold Utilization of LNG
    Economics
    Plant Efficiency
    Safety and Environmental Considerations

    CAPITAL COSTS OF GAS PROCESSING FACILITIES
    Introduction
    Basic Premises for Cost Data
    Amine Treating
    Glycol Dehydration
    NGL Recovery with Straight Refrigeration (Low Ethane Recovery)
    NGL Recovery with Cryogenic Processing (High Ethane Recovery)
    Sulfur Recovery and Tail Gas Cleanup
    NGL Extraction Plant Costs for Larger Facilities
    Corrections to Cost Data

    NATURAL GAS PROCESSING PLANTS
    Plant with Sweet Gas Feed and 98% Ethane Recovery
    Plant with Sour Gas Feed, NGL, and Sulfur Recovery
    Plant with Sour Gas Feed NGL Recovery and Nitrogen Rejection

    NOTATION
    Appendix A: Glossary of Gas Process Terminology
    Appendix B: Physical Constants and Physical Properties

    References
    Index
    *Each chapter contains Introduction and Reference sections

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