Chemical Oceanography, Third Edition
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Summary
Chemical Oceanography, Third Edition, is a survey of essential concepts that contains a wealth of new data and maps, resulting in a more in-depth examination of oceanic biogeochemical processes. The most up-to-date compilation of essential concepts and data available on the subject, this book responds to the need for a thorough, yet straightforward approach to the subject for students, researchers, and other professionals in marine science, geochemistry, and environmental chemistry.
The third edition of Chemical Oceanography incorporates significant findings on the properties of oceans from recent, large-scale oceanographic programs and valuable new data derived from additional experiments. It also discusses the interactions of metals with inorganic and natural organic ligands and the effect of speciation of metals on bioavailability and toxicity. The section on carbonate systems now examines the input of fossil fuel CO2 into the ocean and its effect on the pH of the world oceans.
Frank J. Millero, a world-renowned marine researcher and professor of undergraduate and graduate courses at the University of Miami for nearly 40 years, presents a time-tested and user-friendly resource specifically designed for both classroom use and self-study.
Table of Contents
Descriptive Oceanography
Introduction
Physical Characteristics of the Oceans
Distribution of Temperature and Salinity for Ocean Waters
Circulation and Water Masses of the Oceans
Use of Chemical Tracers in Oceanography
References and Further Reading
Composition of the Major Components of Seawater
Introduction
Methods of Determination
Composition and Stoichiometry of Average Seawater
The Concept of Salinity
Methods of Determining Salinity
Causes of the Major Components Not Being Conservative
Isotopic Variations
References and Further Reading
Minor Elements In Seawater
Classification of Elements
Residence Times
Distribution of Trace Elements in the Oceans
Biological Interactions
Geochemical Balance of Elements
References and Further Reading
Ionic Interactions
Introduction
Water, the Unique Solvent
Review of the Structure of Water
Ion–Water Interactions
Ion-Ion Interactions
Physical Properties of Seawater
References and Further Reading
Atmospheric Chemistry
Introduction
Nitrogen Gases
Greenhouse Gases
Effects of Global Change
Loss of Ozone
The Global Sulfur Cycle
References and Further Reading
Dissolved Gases Other than CO2
Introduction
Composition of the Atmosphere
Dissolution of Gases in Seawater
Air–Sea Exchange
Nonreactive Gases
Dissolved Oxygen in Seawater
Other Nonconservative Gases
Structural Aspects of the Solubility of Gases
Further Reading
The Carbonate System
Introduction
Acid-Base Equilibria in Seawater
Equilibria of Carbonate Species
Parameters of the CO2 System in Seawater
Distribution of Carbonate Species
CaCO3 Dissolution in Seawater
Fossil Fuel CO2 Input to the Oceans
Further Reading
Micronutrients in the Oceans
Introduction
Phosphorus in Seawater
Nitrogen Compounds in Seawater
Silicon in Seawater
Use of Nutrients as Water Mass Tracers
Further Reading
Primary Production in the Oceans
Primary Production
The Iron Hypothesis
Microbial Transformations
Dissolved and Particulate Organic Compounds in Seawater
Further Reading
Processes in the Oceans
Photochemical Processes in Seawater
Hydrothermal Vent Chemistry
Anoxic Waters
Further Reading
Appendices
Glossary of Chemical Oceanography Terms
