Dynamics of Mechanical Systems

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ISBN 9780849305931
Cat# 0593
 

Features

  • Provides a comprehensive treatment of both the theoretical and applied aspects of mechanical system dynamics
  • Uses Kane's methods for studying large, complex systems to prepare students for analyzing large mechanical systems using modern analytic and computational procedures
  • Includes exercises, problems, and references in each chapter
  • Presents and discusses applications in each chapter
  • Requires only an elementary background in physics, mathematics, and mechanicsA solutions manual is available with qualifying course adoptions.
  • Summary

    Mechanical systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated and continually require greater precision, improved reliability, and extended life. To meet the demand for advanced mechanisms and systems, present and future engineers must understand not only the fundamental mechanical components, but also the principles of vibrations, stability, and balance and the use of Newton's laws, Lagrange's equations, and Kane's methods.

    Dynamics of Mechanical Systems provides a vehicle for mastering all of this. Focusing on the fundamental procedures behind dynamic analyses, the authors take a vector-oriented approach and lead readers methodically from simple concepts and systems through the analysis of complex robotic and bio-systems. A careful presentation that balances theory, methods, and applications gives readers a working knowledge of configuration graphs, Euler parameters, partial velocities and partial angular velocities, generalized speeds and forces, lower body arrays, and Kane's equations.

    Evolving from more than three decades of teaching upper-level engineering courses, Dynamics of Mechanical Systems enables readers to obtain and refine skills ranging from the ability to perform insightful hand analyses to developing algorithms for numerical/computer analyses. Ultimately, it prepares them to solve real-world problems and make future advances in mechanisms, manipulators, and robotics.

    Table of Contents

    INTRODUCTION
    REVIEW OF VECTOR ALGEBRA
    Equality of Vectors, Fixed and Free Vectors
    Vector Addition
    Vector Components
    Angle Between Two Vectors
    Vector Multiplication: Scalar Product
    Vector Multiplication: Vector Product
    Vector Multiplication: Triple Products
    Use of the Index Summation Convention
    Review of Matrix Procedures
    Reference Frames and Unit Vector Sets
    KINEMATICS OF A PARTICLE
    Vector Differentiation
    Position, Velocity, and Acceleration
    Relative Velocity and Relative Acceleration
    Differentiation of Rotating Unit Vectors
    Geometric Interpretation of Acceleration
    Motion on a Circle
    Motion in a Plane
    KINEMATICS OF A RIGID BODY
    Orientation of Rigid Bodies
    Configuration Graphs
    Simple Angular Velocity and Simple Angular Acceleration
    General Angular Velocity
    Differentiation in Different Reference Frames
    Addition Theorem for angular Velocity
    Angular Acceleration
    Relative Velocity and Relative Acceleration of Two Points on a Rigid Body
    Points Moving on a Rigid Body
    Rolling Bodies
    The Rolling Disk and Rolling Wheel
    A Conical Thrust Bearing
    PLANAR MOTION OF RIGID BODIES - METHODS OF ANALYSIS
    Coordinates, Constraints, Degrees of Freedom
    Planar Motion of a Rigid Body
    Instant Center, Points of Zero Velocity
    Illustrative Example: A Four-Bar Linkage
    Chains of Bodies
    Instant Center, Analytical Considerations
    Instant Center of Zero Acceleration
    FORCES AND FORCE SYSTEMS
    Forces and Moments
    Systems of Forces
    Zero Force Systems and Couples
    Equivalent Force Systems
    Wrenches
    Physical Forces: Applied (Active) Forces
    Mass Center
    Physical Forces: Inertia (Passive) Forces

    Each chapter also contains an Introduction

    INERTIA, SECOND MOMENT VECTORS, MOMENTS AND PRODUCTS OF INERTIA, INERTIA DYADICS
    Second Moment Vectors
    Moments and Products of Inertia
    Inertia Dyadics
    Transformation Rules
    Parallel Axis theorems
    Principal Axes, Principal Moments of Inertia: Concepts, Example, and Discussion
    Maximum and Minimum Moments and Products of Inertia
    Inertia Ellipsoid
    Application: Inertia Torques
    PRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS: NEWTON'S LAWS AND D'ALEMBERT'S PRINCIPLE
    Principles of Dynamics
    D'Alembert's Principle
    The Simple Pendulum
    A Smooth Particle Moving Inside a Vertical Rotating Tube
    Inertia Forces on a Rigid Body
    Projectile Motion
    A Rotating Circular Disk
    The Rod Pendulum
    Double-Rod Pendulum
    The Triple-Rod and N-Rod Pendulums
    A Rotating Pinned Rod
    The Rolling Circular Disk
    PRINCIPLES OF IMPULSE AND MOMENTUM
    Impulse
    Linear Momentum
    Angular Momentum
    Principle of Linear Impulse and Momentum
    Principle of Angular Impulse and Momentum
    Conservation of Momentum Principles
    Examples
    Additional Examples: Conservation of Momentum
    Impact: Coefficient of Restitution
    Oblique Impact
    Seizure of a Spinning, Diagonally Supported Square Plate
    INTRODUCTION TO ENERGY METHODS
    Work
    Work Done by a Couple
    Power
    Kinetic Energy
    Work-Energy Principles
    ]Elementary Examples: A Falling Object, The Simple Pendulum, A Mass-Spring System
    Sk9idding Vehicle Speeds: Accident Reconstruction Analysis
    A Wheel rolling over a Step
    The Spinning Diagonally Supported Square Plate
    GENERALIZED DYNAMICS: KINEMATICS AND KINETICS
    Coordinates, Constraints, and Degrees of Freedom
    Holonomic and Nonholonomic Constraints
    Vector Function, Partial Velocity, and Partial Angular Velocity
    Generalized Forces: Applied (Active) Forces
    Generalized Forces: Gravity and Spring Forces
    Example: Spring-Supported Particles in a Rotating Tube
    Forces that do not Contribute to the Generalized Forces
    Generalized Forces: Inertia (Passive) Forces
    Examples
    Potential Energy
    Use of Kinetic Energy to obtain Generalized Inertia Forces
    GENERALIZED DYNAMICS: KANE'S EQUATIONS AND LAGRANGE'S EQUATIONS
    Kane's Equations
    Lagrange's Equations
    The Triple-Rod Pendulum
    The N-Rod Pendulum
    INTRODUCTION TO VIBRATIONS
    Solutions of Second-Order Differential Equations
    The Undamped Linear Oscillator
    Forced Vibration of an Undamped Oscillator
    Damped Linear Oscillator
    Forced Vibration of a Damped Linear Oscillator
    Systems with Several Degrees of Freedom
    Analysis and Discussion of Three-Particle Movement: Modes of Vibration
    Nonlinear Vibrations
    The Method of Krylov and Bogoliuboff
    STABILITY
    Infinitesimal Stability
    A Particle Moving in a Vertical Rotating Tube
    A Freely Rotating Body
    The Rolling/Pivoting Circular Disk
    Pivoting Disk with a Concentrated Mass on the Rim
    Rim Mass in the Uppermost Position
    Rim Mass in the Lowermost Position
    Discussion: Routh-Hurwitz Criteria
    BALANCING
    Static Balancing
    Dynamic Balancing: A Rotating Shaft
    Dynamic Balancing: the General Case
    Application: Balancing of Reciprocating Machines
    Lanchester Balancing Mechanism
    Balancing of Multicylinder Engines
    Four-Stroke Cycle Engines
    Balancing of Four-Cylinder Engines
    Eight-Cylinder Engines: The Straight-Eight and the V-8
    MECHANICAL COMPONENTS: CAMS
    A Survey of Cam Pair types
    Nomenclature and Terminology or Typical Rotating Radial Cams with Translating Followers
    Grpahical Constructions
    Comments on Graphical Construction of Cam Profiles
    Analytical Construction of Cam Profiles
    Dwell and Linear Rose of the Follower
    Use of Singularity Functions
    Parabolic Rise Function
    Sinusoidal Rise Function
    Cycloidal Rise Function
    Summary: Listing of Follower Rise Functions
    MECHANICAL COMPONENTS: GEARS
    Preliminary and Fundamental Concepts: rolling Wheels, Conjugate Action, Involute Curve Geometry
    Spur Gear Nomenclature
    Kinematics of Meshing Involute Spur Gear Teeth
    Kinetics of Meshing Involute Spur Gear Teeth
    Sliding and Rubbing between Contacting Involute Spur Gear Teeth
    Involute Rack
    Gear Drives and Gear Trains
    Helical, Bevel, Spiral Bevel, and Worm Gears
    INTRODUCTION TO MULTIBODY DYNAMICS
    Connection Configuration: Lower Body Arrays
    A Pair of Typical Adjoining Bodies: Transformation Matrices
    Transformation Matrix Derivatives
    Euler Parameters
    Rotation Dyadics
    Transformation Matrices, Angular Velocity Components, and Euler Parameters
    Degrees of Freedom, Coordinates, and Generalized Speeds
    Transformation between Absolute and Relative Coordinates
    Angular Velocity
    Angluar Acceleration
    Joint and Mass Center Positions
    Mass Center Velocities
    Mass Center Accelerations
    Kinetics: Applied Forces
    Kinetics: Inertia Forces
    Multibody Dynamics
    INTRODUCTION TO ROBOT DYNAMICS
    Geometry, Configuration, and Degrees of Freedom
    Transformation Matrices and Configuration Graphs
    Angular Velocity of Robot Links
    Partial Angular Velocities
    Transformation Matrix Derivatives
    Angular Acceleration of the Robot Links
    Joint and Mass Center Position
    Mass Center Velocities, Partial Velocities, and Acceleration
    End Effector Kinematics
    Kinetics: Applied Forces
    Kinetics: Passive Forces
    Dynamics: Equations of Motion
    Redundant Robots
    Constraint Equations and Constraint Forces
    Governing Equation Reduction and Solution: Use of Orthogonal Complement Arrays
    APPLICATION WITH BIOSYSTEMS, HUMAN BODY DYNAMICS
    Human Body Modeling
    A Whole-Body Model: Preliminary Considerations
    Kinematics: Coordinates
    Kinematics: Velocities and Acceleration
    Kinetics: Active Forces
    Kinetics: Muscle and Joint Forces
    Kinetics: Inertia Forces
    Dynamics: Equations of Motion
    Constrained Motion
    Solutions of the Governing Equations
    Discussion: Application and Future Development
    APPENDICES
    INDEX

    Editorial Reviews

    "…Clear and well written … could serve as an excellent resource for independent study and for beginning graduate students and practicing engineers."
    -CHOICE, December 2002

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