Climate Change and Global Food Security
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Summary
In order to feed their burgeoning populations, developing nations will need to double cereal production by the year 2050. This increase will have to come from existing land, as little potential exists for bringing new land under cultivation -- a daunting prospect when one realizes that increased use and significantly higher concentrations of carbon dioxide have led to a severe depletion of the carbon pool in the world's soils. This is especially telling in developing countries where tropical climates further compromise the soil's ability to recover.
In Climate Change and Global Food Security, bestselling editor Rattan Lal heads up a team of the world's top soil scientists and ecologists to document the history of this impending agricultural crisis and explore possible solutions. Throughout this timely text, the authors address six complex themes:
1. The impact of projected climate change on soil quality, water resources, temperature regime, and growing season duration on net primary productivity of different biomes
2. Soil carbon dynamics under changing climate
3. The impact of changes in carbon dioxide and ecological environments on agronomic yields and food production in different regions of the world
4. World food demands and supply during the 21st century
5. Policy and economic issues related to carbon trading and enhancing agricultural production
6. Research and development priorities for enhancing soil carbon pool and food security
This hard-hitting text is essential reading for anyone involved with soil and crop sciences as well as policy makers and change agents who need to come to the forefront of this issue armed with the latest information and viable solutions.
Table of Contents
PREFACE
CONTRIBUTORS
GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY
Reducing World Hunger in Tropical Africa while Coping with Climate Change, P.A. Sanchez
World Food Security: Perspectives, Past, Present, and Future, D.J. Greenland
Changing Times and Directions, R.D. Havener, C.R. Dowswell, and N.E. Borlaug
Greenhouse Gases and Food Security in Low-Income Countries, R. Darwin, S. Rosen, and S. Shapouri
Climate Change, Soil Carbon Dynamics, and Global Food Security, R. Lal
CLIMATE CHANGE AND NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY
Climate Change Effects on the Water Supply in Some Major River Basins, R.S. Muttiah and R.A. Wurbs
Climate Change and Terrestrial Ecosystem Productivity, W.M. Post and A.W. King
The Changing Role of Forests in the Global Carbon Cycle: Responding to Elevated Carbon Dioxide in the Atmosphere, E.H. Delucia, D. J. Moore, J.G. Hamilton, R.B. Thomas, C.J. Singer, and R.J. Norby
Impact of Climate Change on Soil Organic Matter Status in Cattle Pasture in Western Brazilian Amazon, C. C. Cerri, M. Bernoix, C.E.P. Cerri, and K. Paustian
CLIMATE CHANGE AND AGRONOMIC PRODUCTION
Climate Change, Agriculture, and Sustainability, C. Rosenzweig and D. Hillel
Assessing the Consequences of Climate Change for Food Security: A View from the IPCCW, Easterling
Climate Change and Tropical Agriculture: Implications for Social Vulnerability and Food Security, H. Eakin
Effects of Global Climate Change on Agricultural Pests: Possible Impacts and Dynamics at Population, Species-Interaction And Community Levels, A. Joern, J. D. Logan, and W. Wolesensky
Food Security and Production in Dryland Regions, B.A. Stewart
Climate Change and Crop Production: Challenges to Modeling Future Scenarios, E.S. Takle and Z. Pan
SOIL CARBON DYNAMICS AND FARMING/CROPPING SYSTEMS
Soil Carbon Sequestration: Understanding and Predicting Responses to Soil Climate and Management, J. Jones, V. Walen, M. Doubmia, and A.J. Gijsman
Reducing Greenhouse Warming Potential by Carbon Sequestration in Soils: Opportunities, Limits and Tradeoffs, J. Duxbury
Management Practices and Carbon Losses via Sediment and Subsurface Flow, L.B. Owens and M.J. Shipitalo
Measuring and Monitoring Soil Carbon Sequestration at the Project Level, R.C. Izaurralde
Dynamics of Carbon Sequestration in Various Agroclimatic Zones of Uganda, M. M. Tenywa, M. Mwanjalolo, M.K. Magunda, R. Lal, and G. Taulya
Soil Carbon Sequestration in Dryland Farming Systems, P. Koohafhan, A. Rey and J. Antoine.
More Food, Less Poverty? The Potential Role of Carbon Sequestration in Smallholder Farming Systems in Senegal, P. Tschakert
Hillside Agriculture and Food Security in Mexico: Advances in the Sustainable Hillside Management Project, J.I. Cortés, A. Turrent, P. Díaz, L. Jiménez, E. Hernández, and R. Mendoza
Soil Organic Carbon, Quality Index and Soil Fertility in Hillside Agriculture, J.D. Etchevers, M.A. Vergara, M.M. Acosta, C.M. Monreal, and L. Jiménez
Terrestrial Carbon Sequestration in Zambia, R.B. Dadson, J. Joshi, F.M. Hashem, A.L. Allen, C. Bolek, S.W. Muliokela, and A. Chalebesa
POLICY AND ECONOMIC ISSUES
Policy and Economic Issues Dealing with Global Warming, G. E. Schuh
Confronting the Twin Problems of Global Warming and Food Insecurity, L. Tweeten
Policies and Incentive Mechanisms for the Permanent Adoption of Agricultural Carbon Sequestration Practices in Industrialized and Developing Countries, J.M. Antle and L.M. Young
The Impact of Climate Change in a Developing Country: A Case Study from Mali, T. Butt and B. McCarl
TOWARDS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES
Researchable Issues and Development Priorities for Countering Climate Change, R. Lal, B.A. Stewart, D.O. Hansen and N. Uphoff
INDEX
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