314 Pages
    by CRC Press

    314 Pages
    by CRC Press

    Labyrinth spillways are almost as old as dam engineering. In spite of the fact that they appear as a very good technical-economical compromise, only 0.1% of large dams are equipped with such weirs. The main reason for this is that traditional labyrinth weirs usually cannot be installed on top of concrete gravity dams as they require a large foundation surface. In 2003 an improved concept of traditional labyrinth spillway emerged, with alveoli developed in overhangs from a reduced support area: the Piano Key Weir (PKW). The Piano Key Weir is a weir of particular geometry, associating to a labyrinth shape the use of overhangs to reduce the basis length. The main advantage of Piano Key Weirs is that it can be directly placed on a dam crest. As a result of extreme fl oods in the recent past, a growing demand for safety in society, and revised hydrological calculations, the need for reliable spillways has consequently become higher. In this context, the Piano Key Weir proves to be an interesting solution to increase the hydraulic capacity of spillway devices.

    The book contains the state-of-the-art on this still non-conventional hydraulic structure, and is divided into six main themes:

    • Physical Modeling. Hydraulic capacity
    • Physical Modeling. Downstream fittings
    • Numerical Modeling
    • Hydraulic Design
    • Planned and achieved projects
    • Nomenclature, Database, Future developments.

    The papers in Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs demonstrate that dam engineering currently experiences a strong revival of labyrinth oriented weirs, and are particularly of interest to academia, researchers and professionals working in the area of hydraulic engineering, and to dam control authorities and dam owners.

    Preface

    Acknowledgements

    Organization

    Organizing institutions and sponsors

    Keynote lectures

    From Labyrinth to Piano KeyWeirs – A historical review, A.J. Schleiss

    General comments on Labyrinths and Piano KeyWeirs: The past and present, F. Lempérière, J.-P. Vigny &A. Ouamane

    Hydraulic characteristics of labyrinth weirs, B.M. Crookston & B.P. Tullis

    Physical modeling – Hydraulic capacity

    PKWeir and flap gate spillway for the Gage II Dam, V. Dugué, F. Hachem, J.-L. Boillat, V. Nagel, J.-P. Roca & F. Laugier

    Piano KeyWeir design study at Raviege dam, S. Erpicum, V. Nagel & F. Laugier

    Nine years of study of the Piano KeyWeir in the university laboratory of Biskra “lessons and reflections”, A. Ouamane

    Influence of the Piano KeyWeir height on its discharge capacity, O. Machiels, S. Erpicum, P. Archambeau, B. Dewals & M. Pirotton

    Study of optimization of labyrinth weir, M. Ben Saïd &A. Ouamane

    Influence of Piano KeyWeir geometry on discharge, R.M. Anderson & B.P. Tullis

    Study of piano-key morning glory to increase the spillway capacity of the Bage dam, G.M. Cicero, M. Barcouda, M. Luck & E. Vettori

    Physical modeling – Downstream fittings

    Contribution to the study of the Piano KeyWeirs submerged by the downstream level, F. Belaabed &A. Ouamane

    Flow properties and residual energy downstream of labyrinth weirs, R. Lopes, J. Matos & J.F. Melo

    Energy dissipation on a stepped spillway downstream of a Piano KeyWeir – Experimental study, S. Erpicum, O. Machiels, P. Archambeau, B. Dewals, M. Pirotton & C. Daux

    Coupled spillway devices and energy dissipation system at St-Marc Dam (France), M. Leite Ribeiro, J.-L. Boillat, A.J. Schleiss & F. Laugier

    Energy dissipation downstream of Piano KeyWeirs – Case study of Gloriettes Dam (France), M. Bieri, M. Federspiel, J.-L. Boillat, B. Houdant, L. Faramond & F. Delorme

    Numerical modeling

    A sensitivity analysis of Piano KeyWeirs geometrical parameters based on 3D numerical modeling, J. Pralong, F. Montarros, B. Blancher & F. Laugier

    Hydraulic comparison between Piano KeyWeirs and labyrinth spillways, B. Blancher, F. Montarros & F. Laugier

    1D numerical modeling of the flow over a Piano KeyWeir, S. Erpicum, O. Machiels, P. Archambeau, B. Dewals & M. Pirotton

    Influence of structural thickness of sidewalls on PKW spillway discharge capacity, F. Laugier, J. Pralong & B. Blancher

    Experimental study of side and scale effects on hydraulic performances of a Piano KeyWeir, G.M. Cicero, J.M. Menon, M. Luck &T. Pinchard

    Hydraulic design

    Study of optimization of the Piano KeyWeir, A. Noui &A. Ouamane

    Experimental parametric study for hydraulic design of PKWs, M. Leite Ribeiro, J.-L. Boillat, A.J. Schleiss, O. Le Doucen & F. Laugier

    Main results of the P.K weir model tests in Vietnam (2004 to 2010), M. Ho Ta Khanh, T. Chi Hien & N. Thanh Hai

    Piano KeyWeir preliminary design method – Application to a new dam project, O. Machiels, S. Erpicum, P. Archambeau, B. Dewals & M. Pirotton

    Method to design a PK-Weir with a shape and hydraulic performances, G.M. Cicero

    Planned and existing projects

    Lessons learnt from design and construction of EDF first Piano KeyWeirs, J. Vermeulen, F. Laugier, L. Faramond & C. Gille

    P.K weirs under design and construction in Vietnam (2010), M. Ho Ta Khanh, D. Sy Quat & D. Xuan Thuy

    Spillway capacity upgrade at Malarce dam: Design of an additional Piano KeyWeir spillway, T. Pinchard, J.-M. Boutet & G.M. Cicero

    Rehabilitation of Sawara Kuddu Hydroelectric Project – Model studies of Piano KeyWeir in India, G. Das Singhal & N. Sharma

    A dam equipped with labyrinth spillway in the Sultanate of Oman, L. Bazerque, P. Agresti, C. Guilbaud, S. Al Harty &T. Strobl

    Labyrinth fusegate applications on free overflow spillways – Overview of recent projects, M. Le Blanc, U. Spinazzola & H. Kocahan

    Nomenclature, data base, future developments

    A naming convention for the Piano KeyWeirs geometrical parameters, J. Pralong, J. Vermeulen, B. Blancher, F. Laugier, S. Erpicum, O. Machiels, M. Pirotton, J.-L. Boillat, M. Leite Ribeiro &A.J. Schleiss

    Creation of a PKW Database – Discussion, J.-L. Boillat, M. Leite Ribeiro, J. Pralong, S. Erpicum & P. Archambeau

    Development of a new concept of Piano KeyWeir spillway to increase low head hydraulic efficiency: Fractal PKW, F. Laugier, J. Pralong, B. Blancher & F. Montarros

    General comments on labyrinths and Piano KeyWeirs – The future, F. Lempérière & J.-P. Vigny

    Research axes and conclusions, S. Erpicum & J.-L. Boillat

    Author index

    Biography

    Sébastien Erpicum, Frédéric Laugier, Jean-Louis Boillat, Michel Pirotton, Bernard Reverchon, Anton L. Schleiss