• Reviews the history and mathematics behind the subject
• Explores software tools for FCA
• Surveys applications in semantic relations, ontology learning and engineering, document navigation, system design, semantic annotations, intelligent system programming, and active knowledge systems
• Presents perspectives from both the conceptual graph and FCA communities, including contributions from John F. Sowa, Rudolf Wille, and Bernhard Ganter
• Includes hands-on projects to provide a deeper understanding of the topics covered

Exploring fundamental research questions, Conceptual Structures in Practice takes you through the basic yet nontrivial task of establishing conceptual relations as the foundation for research in knowledge representation and knowledge mining. It includes contributions from leading researchers in both the conceptual graph and formal concept analysis (FCA) communities.

This accessible, self-contained book begins by providing the formal background in FCA and conceptual graphs. It then describes various software tools for analysis and computation, including the ToscanaJ suite. Written by the original visionaries of the field, the next section discusses the history and future directions of conceptual structures. The final chapters explore prominent application areas in computer science, including text analysis, web semantics, and intelligent systems.

An unprecedented, state-of-the-art overview from innovators in the field, this volume discusses how FCA and conceptual graphs can be used in many computer science areas. It serves as a benchmark of research on conceptual structures, inspiring further exploration in this discipline.

Introductions
A Brief Introduction to Formal Concept Analysis
Markus Krötzsch and Bernhard Ganter
Introduction
Contexts and Concepts
From Contexts to Concept Lattices
The Logic of Attributes
Attribute Exploration
Summary and Outlook
Formal Logic with Conceptual Graphs
Frithjof Dau
Introduction
Short Introduction to Conceptual Graphs
Conceptual Graphs from a Formal Point of View
The General Approach for Formal Logic with Conceptual Graphs
Different Forms of Conceptual Graphs
Further Literature
Tools
Software Tools for Formal Concept Analysis
Peter Becker and Joachim Hereth Correia
Introduction
The ConExp Concept Explorer
ConImp
The ToscanaJ Suite
Docco
Related Work
Student Projects
Efficient Computation with Conceptual Graphs
Galia Angelova
Introduction
Definitions
Construction of Compact FSA-Based Encoding of the Knowledge Base
Experimental Assessment of Conceptual Data Compression
Conclusion
Student Projects
Foundations
Conceptual Graphs for Representing Conceptual Structures
John F. Sowa
Representing Conceptual Structures
Toward a Natural Logic
A Moving Picture of Thought
Representing Natural Language Semantics
Ongoing Research
Appendix: The Common Logic Standard
Formal Concept Analysis and Contextual Logic
Rudolf Wille
The Birth of Formal Concept Analysis
The Mathematics of Formal Concept Analysis
Applications of Formal Concept Analysis
Contextual Concept Logic
Contextual Judgment Logic
Text Analysis
Linguistic Data Exploration
Uta Priss
Introduction
Modeling Semantic Relations
Deriving Lattices from Lexical Databases and Corpora
Student Projects
Ontology Learning Using Corpus-Derived Formal Contexts
Philipp Cimiano
Introduction
Formal Concept Analysis for Ontology Learning from Text
Related Work
Conclusion
Student Projects
Web Semantics
A Lexico-Logical Approach to Ontology Engineering
Sebastian Rudolph and Johanna Völker
Introduction
Preliminaries
Lexical and Logical Knowledge Acquisition
Relational Exploration
An Integrated Approach to Ontology Refinement
Implementation and Example
Conclusion and Outlook
Student Projects
Faceted Document Navigation
Jon Ducrou and Peter Eklund
Introduction
The Email Domain and Formal Concept Analysis: MailSleuth
Navigating Images Using Formal Concept Analysis: ImageSleuth
Conclusion and Summary
Student Projects
Optimizing Social Software System Design
Aldo de Moor
Introduction
Social Software: From Tools to Systems
A Conceptual Model of Functionality Matching in Collaborative Communities
The Functionality Matching Process
Discussion and Conclusion
Student Projects
Intelligent Systems
Semantic Annotations and Localization of Resources with Labeled Graphs
Michel Chein
Introduction
An Annotation Language
Construction of Annotations
Search Methods
Conclusion
Student Projects
An Overview of Amine
Adil Kabbaj
Introduction
Amine Architecture
Ontology and KB Layers
Algebraic Layer
Memory-Based Inference and Learning Strategies Layer
Programming Layer
Multi-Agents Layer
Amine as an IDE for Symbolic Programming
Amine as an IDE for Intelligent System Programming: Natural Language Processing with Prolog+CG as an Example
Amine as an IDE for Intelligent Agents Programming and Multi-Agents Systems (MAS)
Related Work
Future Work
Student Projects
Conclusion
Active Knowledge Systems
Harry S. Delugach
What Is an Active Knowledge System?
Grounding a Knowledge Model
Applications of Active Knowledge Systems
Conclusion
Student Projects